PEDSnet Database Version 2024.06

Data Summary

N=14,266,572

Summary Variables	N
Total Outpatient/ED Visits	201,581,911
Total Hospitalizations	5,405,963

Table 1. Patient Characteristics

Characteristic	Active (visit in last 18 months)	Overall
	N=5,502,863	N=14,266,572
Age at First Visit (in years)
0	2,572,896 (46.8%)	4,705,951 (33.0%)
1 - 4	1,258,963 (22.9%)	3,195,992 (22.4%)
5 - 11	978,192 (17.8%)	3,119,302 (21.9%)
12 - 17	419,117 (7.6%)	1,944,787 (13.6%)
18 - 24	55,717 (1.0%)	313,021 (2.2%)
25+	217,978 (4.0%)	959,816 (6.7%)
Mean	4.9	7.5
Median [Q1, Q3]	1.3 [0.0, 6.6]	3.7 [0.4, 11.1]
Age at Last Visit (in years)
0	324,258 (5.9%)	903,843 (6.3%)
1 - 4	1,142,258 (20.8%)	2,690,611 (18.9%)
5 - 11	1,787,033 (32.5%)	3,969,224 (27.8%)
12 - 17	1,446,719 (26.3%)	3,785,470 (26.5%)
18 - 24	485,595 (8.8%)	1,669,617 (11.7%)
25+	317,000 (5.8%)	1,220,104 (8.6%)
Mean	11.2	12.5
Median [Q1, Q3]	9.9 [4.6, 15.6]	11.2 [4.9, 17.1]
Duration of Follow-up (in years)
Mean	6.4	5.1
Median [Q1, Q3]	5.1 [1.6, 10.1]	3.2 [0.4, 8.4]
Duration of Follow-up for All Chronic Patients (in years)*
Mean	7.8	7.2
Median [Q1, Q3]	6.8 [3.1, 11.8]	6.0 [2.5, 11.1]
Year of Cohort Entry
Mean	2017	2015
Median [Q1, Q3]	2018 [2013, 2022]	2015 [2011, 2019]
Institution
CCHMC	518,151 (9.4%)	1,090,047 (7.6%)
CHOP	690,697 (12.6%)	1,664,458 (11.7%)
Colorado	434,461 (7.9%)	1,395,086 (9.8%)
Lurie	302,830 (5.5%)	984,225 (6.9%)
National	650,142 (11.8%)	1,680,087 (11.8%)
Nationwide	485,087 (8.8%)	1,138,145 (8.0%)
Nemours	692,278 (12.6%)	1,852,974 (13.0%)
Seattle	245,093 (4.5%)	859,788 (6.0%)
Stanford	354,344 (6.4%)	876,281 (6.1%)
Texas	1,129,780 (20.5%)	2,725,481 (19.1%)
Sex
Female	2,779,381 (50.5%)	7,202,600 (50.5%)
Male	2,722,463 (49.5%)	7,049,052 (49.4%)
Race
American Indian or Alaska Native	17,919 (0.3%)	47,866 (0.3%)
Asian/Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	329,449 (6.0%)	744,846 (5.2%)
Black/African American	939,968 (17.1%)	2,182,847 (15.3%)
White	2,901,233 (52.7%)	7,598,487 (53.3%)
Multiple race	220,361 (4.0%)	460,030 (3.2%)
Other**	777,236 (14.1%)	2,012,918 (14.1%)
Unknown	316,697 (5.8%)	1,219,578 (8.5%)
Ethnicity
Yes	1,207,794 (21.9%)	2,814,420 (19.7%)
No	3,806,589 (69.2%)	9,536,181 (66.8%)
Other/Unknown	488,480 (8.9%)	1,915,971 (13.4%)
Insurance Payer
Medicare/Medicaid	1,635,194 (29.7%)	3,976,139 (27.9%)
Private	2,639,882 (48.0%)	6,914,510 (48.5%)
Other/Unknown	1,227,787 (22.3%)	3,375,923 (23.7%)
Medical Complexity (PMCA)
Complex Chronic (malignant, progressive, or 2+ body systems)	491,360 (8.9%)	722,557 (5.1%)
Noncomplex Chronic	784,980 (14.3%)	1,234,295 (8.7%)
No Chronic Disorders	4,226,523 (76.8%)	12,282,017 (86.1%)

*Chronic refers to patients who were flagged as “Complex Chronic” or “Noncomplex Chronic” using PMCA.

**Other refers to the following responses from the EHR: “Other” or “Refuse to answer”.

Stratified by Site

	CCHMC	CHOP	Colorado	Lurie	National	Nationwide	Nemours	Seattle	Stanford	Texas	Overall
	N=1,090,047	N=1,664,458	N=1,395,086	N=984,225	N=1,680,087	N=1,138,145	N=1,852,974	N=859,788	N=876,281	N=2,725,481	N=14,266,572
Age at First Visit (in years)
0	347,885 (31.9%)	645,637 (38.8%)	421,008 (30.2%)	339,006 (34.4%)	469,572 (27.9%)	424,235 (37.3%)	647,597 (34.9%)	213,095 (24.8%)	208,933 (23.8%)	988,983 (36.3%)	4,705,951 (33.0%)
1 - 4	212,982 (19.5%)	387,291 (23.3%)	365,054 (26.2%)	236,930 (24.1%)	323,225 (19.2%)	267,661 (23.5%)	452,672 (24.4%)	208,187 (24.2%)	127,085 (14.5%)	614,905 (22.6%)	3,195,992 (22.4%)
5 - 11	242,480 (22.2%)	355,582 (21.4%)	303,289 (21.7%)	225,386 (22.9%)	385,122 (22.9%)	242,583 (21.3%)	457,936 (24.7%)	214,439 (24.9%)	161,575 (18.4%)	530,910 (19.5%)	3,119,302 (21.9%)
12 - 17	173,965 (16.0%)	203,617 (12.2%)	194,005 (13.9%)	146,738 (14.9%)	241,761 (14.4%)	147,782 (13.0%)	267,085 (14.4%)	170,255 (19.8%)	127,300 (14.5%)	272,279 (10.0%)	1,944,787 (13.6%)
18 - 24	29,833 (2.7%)	15,296 (0.9%)	29,811 (2.1%)	7,786 (0.8%)	88,512 (5.3%)	17,859 (1.6%)	6,682 (0.4%)	15,239 (1.8%)	57,384 (6.5%)	44,619 (1.6%)	313,021 (2.2%)
25+	82,902 (7.6%)	57,035 (3.4%)	55,588 (4.0%)	28,379 (2.9%)	171,869 (10.2%)	38,025 (3.3%)	21,002 (1.1%)	37,283 (4.3%)	194,004 (22.1%)	273,729 (10.0%)	959,816 (6.7%)
Mean	8.6	5.7	6.8	6.1	9.0	6.0	5.3	7.7	13.6	8.0	7.5
Median [Q1, Q3]	4.6 [0.3, 12.4]	2.4 [0.1, 8.8]	3.4 [0.6, 10.3]	3.1 [0.4, 9.8]	5.7 [0.7, 13.8]	2.5 [0.2, 9.4]	3.0 [0.2, 9.1]	5.2 [1.0, 12.3]	9.3 [1.2, 21.9]	3.0 [0.2, 10.5]	3.7 [0.4, 11.1]
Age at Last Visit (in years)
0	49,548 (4.5%)	97,141 (5.8%)	104,761 (7.5%)	92,080 (9.4%)	98,347 (5.9%)	51,949 (4.6%)	110,734 (6.0%)	77,899 (9.1%)	58,744 (6.7%)	162,640 (6.0%)	903,843 (6.3%)
1 - 4	173,226 (15.9%)	316,368 (19.0%)	291,472 (20.9%)	227,988 (23.2%)	301,516 (17.9%)	210,432 (18.5%)	364,500 (19.7%)	186,827 (21.7%)	123,046 (14.0%)	495,236 (18.2%)	2,690,611 (18.9%)
5 - 11	275,492 (25.3%)	461,981 (27.8%)	393,500 (28.2%)	299,690 (30.4%)	451,023 (26.8%)	322,891 (28.4%)	588,243 (31.7%)	247,506 (28.8%)	178,315 (20.3%)	750,583 (27.5%)	3,969,224 (27.8%)
12 - 17	269,190 (24.7%)	470,686 (28.3%)	388,492 (27.8%)	262,479 (26.7%)	396,676 (23.6%)	340,738 (29.9%)	588,503 (31.8%)	245,044 (28.5%)	179,693 (20.5%)	643,969 (23.6%)	3,785,470 (26.5%)
18 - 24	179,095 (16.4%)	238,645 (14.3%)	122,144 (8.8%)	68,658 (7.0%)	238,127 (14.2%)	153,322 (13.5%)	168,593 (9.1%)	61,285 (7.1%)	113,504 (13.0%)	326,244 (12.0%)	1,669,617 (11.7%)
25+	143,496 (13.2%)	79,637 (4.8%)	68,386 (4.9%)	33,330 (3.4%)	194,372 (11.6%)	58,813 (5.2%)	32,401 (1.7%)	39,937 (4.6%)	222,979 (25.4%)	346,753 (12.7%)	1,220,104 (8.6%)
Mean	14.8	11.8	11.2	9.9	13.0	12.2	10.5	10.6	17.6	13.9	12.5
Median [Q1, Q3]	13.2 [6.2, 19.0]	11.3 [5.0, 17.0]	10.0 [4.1, 15.9]	8.8 [3.5, 14.9]	11.8 [5.2, 18.1]	11.6 [5.4, 17.1]	10.3 [4.8, 15.6]	9.5 [3.8, 15.5]	14.9 [6.3, 25.4]	11.5 [5.2, 17.9]	11.2 [4.9, 17.1]
Duration of Follow-up (in years)
Mean	6.2	6.1	4.3	3.9	4.0	6.2	5.2	2.8	4.0	5.9	5.1
Median [Q1, Q3]	5.4 [1.1, 11.0]	4.1 [0.6, 10.3]	2.3 [0.1, 7.2]	1.8 [0.1, 6.3]	2.8 [0.2, 6.7]	5.2 [1.4, 10.2]	3.2 [0.4, 8.2]	0.9 [0.0, 4.6]	1.9 [0.2, 6.3]	4.1 [0.7, 9.6]	3.2 [0.4, 8.4]
Duration of Follow-up for All Chronic Patients (in years)*
Mean	7.5	8.2	6.7	6.5	6.6	8.6	7.2	5.5	5.8	7.7	7.2
Median [Q1, Q3]	7.1 [3.0, 12.2]	6.9 [2.8, 13.0]	5.2 [2.1, 10.5]	4.9 [2.0, 10.0]	6.1 [2.9, 10.0]	8.2 [3.7, 13.2]	5.6 [2.6, 10.7]	4.6 [1.7, 8.8]	4.0 [1.6, 8.6]	6.5 [2.7, 11.8]	6.0 [2.5, 11.1]
Sex
Female	555,030 (50.9%)	821,161 (49.3%)	690,411 (49.5%)	469,133 (47.7%)	846,931 (50.4%)	563,310 (49.5%)	881,497 (47.6%)	421,135 (49.0%)	509,764 (58.2%)	1,444,228 (53.0%)	7,202,600 (50.5%)
Male	534,827 (49.1%)	842,889 (50.6%)	694,546 (49.8%)	514,910 (52.3%)	832,623 (49.6%)	574,754 (50.5%)	971,365 (52.4%)	438,531 (51.0%)	366,308 (41.8%)	1,278,299 (46.9%)	7,049,052 (49.4%)
Race
American Indian or Alaska Native	1,420 (0.1%)	1,705 (0.1%)	7,337 (0.5%)	1,419 (0.1%)	8,378 (0.5%)	2,199 (0.2%)	3,160 (0.2%)	11,571 (1.3%)	1,611 (0.2%)	9,066 (0.3%)	47,866 (0.3%)
Asian/Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	27,129 (2.5%)	79,425 (4.8%)	36,769 (2.6%)	50,857 (5.2%)	97,815 (5.8%)	43,153 (3.8%)	44,761 (2.4%)	88,019 (10.2%)	137,662 (15.7%)	139,256 (5.1%)	744,846 (5.2%)
Black/African American	157,582 (14.5%)	343,886 (20.7%)	77,992 (5.6%)	115,781 (11.8%)	472,153 (28.1%)	213,800 (18.8%)	321,307 (17.3%)	52,159 (6.1%)	16,784 (1.9%)	411,403 (15.1%)	2,182,847 (15.3%)
White	773,015 (70.9%)	900,005 (54.1%)	853,397 (61.2%)	458,609 (46.6%)	558,988 (33.3%)	726,121 (63.8%)	1,005,890 (54.3%)	439,660 (51.1%)	243,895 (27.8%)	1,638,907 (60.1%)	7,598,487 (53.3%)
Multiple race	38,493 (3.5%)	40,018 (2.4%)	94,907 (6.8%)	27,562 (2.8%)	1,495 (0.1%)	63,895 (5.6%)	48,506 (2.6%)	45,386 (5.3%)	24,081 (2.7%)	75,687 (2.8%)	460,030 (3.2%)
Other**	89,591 (8.2%)	0 (0%)	189,330 (13.6%)	260,770 (26.5%)	318,968 (19.0%)	14,880 (1.3%)	333,913 (18.0%)	193,795 (22.5%)	216,937 (24.8%)	394,734 (14.5%)	2,012,918 (14.1%)
Unknown	2,817 (0.3%)	299,419 (18.0%)	135,354 (9.7%)	69,227 (7.0%)	222,290 (13.2%)	74,097 (6.5%)	95,437 (5.2%)	29,198 (3.4%)	235,311 (26.9%)	56,428 (2.1%)	1,219,578 (8.5%)
Ethnicity
Yes	56,269 (5.2%)	149,597 (9.0%)	362,090 (26.0%)	299,448 (30.4%)	272,508 (16.2%)	59,722 (5.2%)	345,518 (18.6%)	145,438 (16.9%)	172,684 (19.7%)	951,146 (34.9%)	2,814,420 (19.7%)
No	990,000 (90.8%)	1,295,942 (77.9%)	865,781 (62.1%)	555,207 (56.4%)	999,645 (59.5%)	1,028,888 (90.4%)	1,391,536 (75.1%)	619,623 (72.1%)	388,940 (44.4%)	1,400,619 (51.4%)	9,536,181 (66.8%)
Other/Unknown	43,778 (4.0%)	218,919 (13.2%)	167,215 (12.0%)	129,570 (13.2%)	407,934 (24.3%)	49,535 (4.4%)	115,920 (6.3%)	94,727 (11.0%)	314,657 (35.9%)	373,716 (13.7%)	1,915,971 (13.4%)
Insurance Payer
Medicare/Medicaid	46,374 (4.3%)	501,701 (30.1%)	327,364 (23.5%)	400,971 (40.7%)	89,664 (5.3%)	501,940 (44.1%)	814,433 (44.0%)	351,543 (40.9%)	223,039 (25.5%)	719,110 (26.4%)	3,976,139 (27.9%)
Private	13,270 (1.2%)	1,124,772 (67.6%)	463,773 (33.2%)	411,962 (41.9%)	637,221 (37.9%)	546,474 (48.0%)	1,001,768 (54.1%)	427,209 (49.7%)	511,416 (58.4%)	1,776,645 (65.2%)	6,914,510 (48.5%)
Other/Unknown	1,030,403 (94.5%)	37,985 (2.3%)	603,949 (43.3%)	171,292 (17.4%)	953,202 (56.7%)	89,731 (7.9%)	36,773 (2.0%)	81,036 (9.4%)	141,826 (16.2%)	229,726 (8.4%)	3,375,923 (23.7%)
Medical Complexity (PMCA)
Complex Chronic (malignant, progressive, or 2+ body systems)	76,812 (7.0%)	100,768 (6.1%)	76,340 (5.5%)	42,863 (4.4%)	67,113 (4.0%)	49,249 (4.3%)	87,514 (4.7%)	51,614 (6.0%)	50,663 (5.8%)	119,621 (4.4%)	722,557 (5.1%)
Noncomplex Chronic	102,498 (9.4%)	154,924 (9.3%)	124,093 (8.9%)	63,727 (6.5%)	155,630 (9.3%)	87,387 (7.7%)	177,145 (9.6%)	67,815 (7.9%)	72,572 (8.3%)	228,504 (8.4%)	1,234,295 (8.7%)
No Chronic Disorders	910,737 (83.6%)	1,408,766 (84.6%)	1,168,322 (83.7%)	877,635 (89.2%)	1,457,318 (86.7%)	1,001,509 (88.0%)	1,588,315 (85.7%)	739,069 (86.0%)	753,046 (85.9%)	2,377,300 (87.2%)	12,282,017 (86.1%)