Inconsistent Influenza Vaccinators: Population Characteristics and a Patient Centered Pilot Study
The “Population Characteristics of Inconsistent Influenza Vaccinators” study, part of the PEDSnet Scholars project, aims to explore and characterize pediatric patients who exhibit inconsistent influenza vaccination behaviors. Inconsistent vaccinators—children who receive the influenza vaccine in some seasons but not others—represent…
The Comparative Effectiveness of Adjuvant Adenoidectomy in Surgical Management of Otitis Media
Kavita Dedhia is an assistant professor in otolaryngology at the University of Pennsylvania (UPENN) and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). She has clinical expertise in pediatric otolaryngology, specifically chronic ear disease. Dr. Dedhia has recently completed the Master in Health Policy Research program at…
Prediction Modeling of the Impact of Area Deprivation on Systolic Blood Pressure Trajectory in Youth
Hypertension (HTN) is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States. Individuals with the greatest risk of developing HTN in adulthood have elevated blood pressure (BP) and accelerated BP trajectories in childhood and adolescence, beginning at 9…
RSV I-PREP: Improving Evidence-Based Implementation of RSV Immuno-Prophylaxis Within Ethical and Policy Contexts
Jennifer Kusma, MD, MS is a pediatrician and junior clinical investigator focused on improving the 3 evidence-base for the health care policy and access for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Dr. 4 Kusma’s long-term career goal is to become an…
Implementing Blood Transfusion Recommendations in the PICU
The purpose of this study is to create and validate a computable phenotype for patient cohorts at risk for unnecessary transfusion and to deploy and evaluate the implementation of computerized decision support tools designed to enhance compliance with blood transfusion…
Natural History of Enteroviral Sepsis Using Real World Data
Enteroviral (EV) sepsis with hepatic necrosis and coagulopathy (HNC) or myocarditis is a serious and life-threatening infection. This serious infection primarily affects neonates and is sometimes referred to as neonatal enterovirus sepsis syndrome (NES). The current incidence of NES is…
NEST R1: Developing Capacity for Post Marketing Surveillance of Craniomaxillofacial Distractors
The National Evaluation System for health Technology Coordinating Center (NESTcc) is tasked to be a catalyst for the timely, reliable, and cost-effective development of real-world evidence (RWE) to enhance regulatory and clinical decision-making for medical devices. Real world data (RWD)…
Evaluating the Occurrence of Adverse Events Among Pediatric Patients Exposed to IV Lacosamide Using RWD
Epilepsy affects the pediatric population with an estimated prevalence of 6.8 per 1,000 insured children. Newly introduced antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be used off-label in children with epilepsy before completion of pediatric regulatory studies, creating an opportunity to evaluate the…
NEST R2: AventaMed – Typmpanostomy Tube Insertion Treatment Episodes: Practice Variation and Outcomes
This study will use real-world data (RWD) from electronic health records (EHR) and health plan claims to examine the outcomes following the insertion of tympanostomy tubes – the device of interest –among children. Tympanostomy tube insertion (TTI) accounts for nearly…
NESTR1: Comparative Effectiveness of Alternative Approaches for Wound Closure
There are three methods for closure of wounds that result from surgeries or trauma: sutures, staples, and skin adhesives. The purpose of this project is to compare each of these skin closure approaches in terms of the types of skin…
Adjunctive Therapies in Pediatric Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: An Analysis through Multi-Center Linkage of the Virtual Pediatric Systems and PEDSnet
Pediatric severe sepsis, an overwhelming systemic inflammatory response to infection, is a leading cause of mortality in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) worldwide. Despite decades of sepsis research, the main therapies available for the management of sepsis essentially remain goal-directed…
Diuretic and Inhaled Corticosteroid Treatment at US Children’s Hospitals
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the major chronic lung disease of infancy, affects approximately half of infants born at ≤28-weeks gestation and persists as a leading cause of mortality and respiratory impairments among preterm infants. BPD is commonly measured at 36-weeks post…
Assessment of Pediatric Radiation Exposure from Computed Tomography
The objective of this study is to identify pediatric cohorts with the highest levels of radiation exposure from CT scanning by merging EMR data elements with an automated method for calculating cumulative, patient level radiation exposure. The results of this…
Short- and Long-term Effects of Antibiotics on Childhood Growth
The objectives of the proposed study are to assess the effects of different types, timing, and amount of antibiotic use in the first two years of life with (Specific Aim 1) body mass index (BMI) and obesity at ages 5…
Comparative Effectiveness of Narrow Versus Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Use On ED Revisit Rates In Pediatric Pneumonia
We propose to evaluate the impact of antibiotic prescribing patterns on hospital revisit rates among children with community acquired pneumonia. 1) Among children discharged from emergency department (ED) with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), does antibiotic prescribing patterns impact 3-day and 7-day…
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